2023-07-29 08:27 am

Saturday, July 29 First Day in Hangzhou

 Woke up around 9:15am – hardly, cause we went to bed too late the night before, after the flight from Hulunbuir. I didn't sleep well: I was waking up from the noises in the hallway of the hotel. In the morning, I woke up with a sore throat. But we had great plans for the day anyway: starting with meeting friends at 10:30am.

The morning was messy. I thought of grabbing a complimentary breakfast and coffee downstairs at the hotel, but B said we should take a shower before that. Waiting, I finished some DuoLingo – finally, some more work than just keeping the streak on – as usual by the end of the week I tried to pull more points. Then, it turned out that breakfast was served only till 10. We were too late; I was desperate for coffee. B did some WeChat magic – and Luckin Coffee, a local Starbucks competitor, was going to deliver the coffee in 15 minutes right to our hotel lobby. Then the hotel robot would deliver it from the lobby to our room. We were waiting; the coffee was delivered to the lobby, it reported, but the robot was still not coming to our room. We waited longer. Finally, we went downstairs to meet friends and waited till the hotel staff tracked down the missed in-action robot with our coffee. I was grumpy from being under-caffeinated. Finally, they tracked down the robot carrying our coffee in the elevator. 

Hangzhou: view from hotel.
Hangzhou: view from hotel.

The coffee was helpful. Life is better with coffee. Friends drove us somewhere across the city; I looked out of the car window. Pleasantly looking city – lots of green, trees, and bushes, and the buildings are growing like trees in a jungle together with all kinds of plans. Mountains densely covered by the dark green trees. Clouds and humid outside. We were having a slow conversation about tech and Alibaba; Alibaba is from here, from Hangzhou. Recently the government broke up Alibaba into 6 separate companies – friends say it actually helped the company because communication was becoming too difficult; I can imagine that. But they were worried about too much government intervention.

We stopped for breakfast at a house by a lake. It all looked like the China that I imagined: bamboo growing around the lake, cobblestone trails around, and lush green plants everywhere. I noticed there was not much propaganda messaging around like in Inner Mongolia: no signs about the unity of the nation, the pomegranates making everyone better together, etc. Not much commercial messaging either. Just peace of mind. It was hot, humid, and cloudy. We ate steamed fish, steamed endives, and baked sweet potato – all in delicate small pieces. And tea, of course. But my throat was still sore after tea and breakfast.

Then we went to a museum. I don't know which museum it was: I couldn't find anything in English about it. I only know it was not far from Liangzhu Museum, but this museum was not about archeology; it was rather oriented toward the design and the history of technology. 

The museum.
The museum.

First, we checked out a section about printing technologies. The printing press was known in China centuries before Gutenberg re-invented it in Europe. It is an interesting counterexample: it is often said that Gutenberg's printing press was the percipient of Enlightenment in Europe; but nothing similar occurred in China. Reading remained the prerogative of the elite, with a single-digit percent of people able to read, and a tiny number of people able to read were also able to write since traditional Chinese writing was too complex. As if it was not a high enough bar, then all printed papers were actively censored by the authorities. Copying Confucian texts was the use of the printing press.

Wooden printing type.
Wooden printing type.

Then there were sections about the libraries of Chinese texts. In the 18 century an official library of texts was compiled, placing texts between four main categories. Those are the classics. It was all too new to me, and since I couldn't read it, I just learned a little bit of the basics of the categorization.

Chinese word "zi" refers to famous ancient thinkers. Category "Zi" in the four-category classification, however, covers much more than scholarly works by the sagacious, comprising writings on religion, technology, and miscellaneous other topics, as well as reference books. Most books outside the Jing, Shi and Ji categories are filed under this heading, resulting in a swelling collection.

The Zi consists of 14 subcategories: Confucianism, military affairs, legalism, agriculture, medicine, astronomy and mathematics, divination, art, systematic illustrated books, miscellaneous issues, reference books, novels, Buddhism, and Taoism.

A whole interesting category was family traditions books (called 家训). 

The listed books included the 13th century's "The Code of Conduct of the Zheng Family" (郑氏规范), the communist era "Ten Family Precepts" (十条家规) by Zhou Enlai, and modern "The Family Precepts of the Qian Family" (钱氏家训) published in 2010. Unfortunately, it's all hard to find anything about it in English. Something around Baidu page on 家训 is probably a good start for translating. It is interesting because there seems to be a contrasting divide between Eastern and Western understanding of "traditional" family: while in the West family is largely shaped by a vague understanding of Christian "love", in the East family is seen as a collective effort where everyone has roles and responsibilities that member rarely question. So, the Chinese "traditional" family is much more rule-based structure; also more inclusive of family members: in Chinese, "brother" (哥哥 or 弟弟) or "sister" (姐姐 or 妹妹) also includes cousins of any degree relationship; but the age relationship is rather signified by different words for older or younger sibling, emphasizing the structure of responsibilities. Then, this large inclusive family runs a family council, when adult family members get together regularly and discuss family matters and make decisions – whom to help with money to buy an apartment or go to school. A successful Chinese family starts acting like a nepotic corporation. A less lucky poor family from a village may try its chances to save resources and send just one kid to study in the city, then that kid hopefully won't become a drunk head playing Mahjong but will realize his responsibilities before family. I noticed Chinese in the US generally hate this collective family system of responsibilities, and many are rather obsessed with Western individualism, but I find it quite interesting to learn about.

Another section was translated as "Propaganda" in English, with posters of Mao and various sayings in white on red – I was surprised; is it a sign of consciousness of the government calling its posters "propaganda"? As it turned out, in Chinese they call any government messaging "propaganda" – unlike English (or Russian) it doesn't carry the negative connotation. 

Propaganda (noun): information, especially of a biased or misleading nature, used to promote or publicize a particular political cause or point of view.

(from Google Dictionary)

Seeing all these language differences I can understand people's fears of language manipulating people's minds; like Orwell's "Newspeak" from 1984. But I'm more in favor of Steven Pinker's view that people don't really "think" in language: they rather think in an intermediary non-verbal form first, a language that Pinker calls "mentalese", and then they verbalize ideas in sentences; so in the end, people understand what's going on, even if a language is not particularly tailored for expressing it.

Paperwork that people carry during their lifetime. "Our life is inseparable from editions, which witness changes in life. The old prints, such as movie tickets, theater tickets, propaganda posters, and food coupons, encapsulated their era. Authentic keepers of memories and recorders of a changing world, they are rich in meanings and historical value."
Paperwork that people carry during their lifetime. "Our life is inseparable from editions, which witness changes in life. The old prints, such as movie tickets, theater tickets, propaganda posters, and food coupons, encapsulated their era. Authentic keepers of memories and recorders of a changing world, they are rich in meanings and historical value."

Then we went to a place called Liangzhu Center of Arts. There were many arts and crafts kind of stores selling Japanese-designed items, and, of course, bookstores. Danxiangjie bookstore (单向空间) is rather a cultural institution in Hangzhou, founded by public intellectual Xu Zhiyuan, attracting a particular cultured crowd. Another bookstore ("Xiao song shu wu") was founded by Gao Xiaosong, a rather more outspoken pro-democracy intellectual, whose name is now removed from the name of the store and whose works are banned in China. But people still remember the origins, and people still flock to this place: Tadao Ando designed curves on the buildings could well serve a contemporary art museum in New York or London, but unlike cosmopolitan crowds in those cities, Hangzhou after COVID sees not many foreigners visiting.

Bookstore shelf. Most of the books are enclosed in plastic, what changes the vibe of the bookstore since people can't open and skim the books anymore.
Bookstore shelf. Most of the books are enclosed in plastic, what changes the vibe of the bookstore since people can't open and skim the books anymore.

I found a book of notes from my favorite Chinese filmmaker Jia Zhangke (the book was called 贾樟柯电影手记). I'd read it if it ever translated into English. It's a bunch of work notes before and during the process of making his movies.

We grabbed coffee at a cafe by the bookstore. I was getting weak with my throat still sore, and I started suspecting fever. I drank a coffee, sat down, looked at the people – and I gained strength, and my throat got better. I felt much better after that coffee. The chances are that it was the extent of my second COVID: four days later B tested COVID positive, but I tested negative, and I remained negative. Coffee kills COVID, in other words.

In the evening, we went to the center of Hangzhou for dinner. Crowds of tourists were walking around Grand Canal, the man-made canal built in the 7th century between Hangzhou and Beijing. The stone bridges crossing the canal attracted many people to take pictures. Many craft stores, restaurants, tea houses, and the like attractions going along the canal. Crowds of tourists – but all domestic. Hangzhou is a well-known destination domestically, but foreign tourists mostly go only to big cities like Beijing, Hong Kong, and Shanghai. We ate a few kinds of steamed fish and fish stew and then checked out a Taoist temple after dinner. 

At the hotel, I fell asleep in under 30 seconds.

2023-07-28 10:17 am

Friday, July 28 Flight to Hangzhou

 Woke up around 5 am from the cold wind from the window. Then pulled a warmer blanket and slept more, happily, till 8:15 am. Last day in Hulunbuir.

Half of the day I was gonna hang out by myself. Everything was familiar in China, until those rare moments when I was left alone and realized that I could not communicate with anyone without someone’s help – no one expected me to speak Chinese, even if I knew how to say something in Chinese; no one understood or wanted to understand my sign language; people often just freakout seeing me alone without a Chinese person around – what a terrible day came to them! A foreigner trying to talk to them. Why could it not be an easier day? 

I learned how to use WeChat to hail a taxi (or rather “local uber” – called Didi) – in theory – click this and that, pick the destination, decline ads and coupons, then tell the driver the confirmation number, “er liu ling san” or the like, and confirm the payment. In practice, the driver looked at me standing at the empty intersection as if I was a tree, searching for the real passenger that called him, refusing to accept that a foreigner alone could hail a taxi in WeChat. I got in the car, and seeing the driver was shocked; he didn’t ask me for the confirmation number and just drove me to my destination. I think I got a free ride, though I’m not sure since I didn’t know how to check transactions on WeChat.

My stop at a pharmacy store was the opposite of this taxi ride. In the pharmacy, I wanted to find a deodorant, and an employee lady came asking me what I was looking for. I translated “deodorant” in Google Translate; I don’t know what exactly it translated it to, but it quite puzzled the lady; she went for help. Soon I was surrounded by four or five other Chinese ladies trying to understand what I was looking for. I didn’t know how to translate “deodorant”. I translated in Google, but it only puzzled them. I said it in English; I said it in Russian; I gestured. I said okay - that is okay - just leave me alone – that did not help; they sincerely tried to understand me and help me, but no one spoke English. They kept trying. I finally saw a body wash, declared that, o miracle, I found what I was looking for, and ran away with the body wash. Life is hard without B; with B everything is familiar – China feels quite a lot like the US; until I’m left alone.

We were flying to Hangzhou in the evening. We ate dumplings before the flight – it’s the local tradition here to eat dumplings before traveling; I was fine with that since it was mild food that wouldn’t upset my stomach. Our friends brought us coffee candies for the flight; I realized they see us drinking coffee every day the same way as they see people smoking cigarettes: some people drink coffee, some smoke cigarettes, and others do both; our friends did none, nor understood any of it, but they were empathic to our habits. Bringing cigarettes from another country is a common gift here, but I refused to bring American cigarettes as I didn’t want to gift anything harmful to anyone. Our friends were creative: they brought us coffee candies; it’s like cigarettes; it’s like what modern Americans do. 

The news came about a strong hurricane in the south, near our destination in Hangzhou. A video showed palm trees heavily bending and the wind blowing trash from everywhere. "Geological hazard," – Apple's weather app said. But the flight was not delayed.

A Friday evening flight from Hulunbuir to Hangzhou – what a social event! It was rowdy – many kids yelling, so much excitement everywhere, and all the people on the airplane chatting. Chinese are social people.

Hulunbuir from the air plane.
Hulunbuir from the air plane.

I read Lu Xun on the flight. Nora, what happened to Nora when she left home, he asked. She could end up working in a brothel, or she could go back home after all - all cause she had no money, he says, a dirty idea in many people’s minds, but there can be no emancipation without money. That, and fighting the bad culture reproduction by the means of collecting memories:

When a cruelly treated daughter-in-law becomes a mother-in-law, she may still treat her daughter-in-law cruelly; officials who detest students were often students who denounced officials; some parents who oppress their children now were probably rebels against their own families ten years ago. This perhaps has something to do with one’s age and status; still bad memory is also a big factor here. The remedy for this is for everyone to buy a notebook and record his thoughts and actions from day to day, to serve as reference material in future when his age and status have changed. If you are annoyed with your child for wanting to go to the park, you can look through your notes and find an entry saying, “I want to go to the Central Park.” This will at once mollify and calm you down. The same applies to other matters too.

Hangzhou felt wet and hot. The remaining hurricane had passed just hours before we arrived. It was late and dark, nothing to see outside. I was tired. We had a scheduled program starting the next morning at 9 am.

(Written in August, edited in April)

2023-07-27 12:22 am

Thursday, July 27 Another Day in Hulunbuir

 Woke up by almost 9 am, hardly. Not much was done, but somehow I’m so busy. Working while traveling is hard – how do those digital nomads do it? 

I read Lu Xun’s “Madman’s Diary” – it turned out to be super short. Pretty interesting, and not as influenced by Gogol as I thought; I guess the idea was Gogol’s Записки сумасшедшего, but the story felt deeper. Cannibalism as some strange metaphor for the capitalist world; men eat men. Then I dozed off and saw strange dreams about cannibalism and eating human flesh. I woke up in a sweat – it was a hot and sunny afternoon.

Our friends just feed us and drive everywhere, and want to hang out with us all the time; I can hardly go anywhere on my own. So, we drove again to a place to eat, and I said I wanted to take a walk before dinner – I thought of a walk around the block, but that block turned out long, and it took me over twenty minutes to round it. On one side - the car road, broad and empty, and on the other side – fences, then high rises, gates in the fences, so strangers won't enter the public outdoor space for each housing complex.

The restaurant was themed nostalgic of 1980s China: tiled cemented tables, socialist signs, and metal plates; back then all restaurants were government-owned. One sign said “Young people should work hard to find fulfillment in their life” – or something of that sort, in Chinese, of course – I said I agreed with that as long as the term “work” was defined broadly, as pretty much any meaningful activity including studying, reading, writing, crafting shit, and so on. Most of our friends at the table disagreed with the sign, saying that young people should just relax more and enjoy life – perhaps, as a reflection of the Chinese hard work culture people don’t wanna hear anything about hard work anymore.

Then we walked in the park along the river. This small city is built along the river, not built much to the sides of it, so pretty much any neighborhood has access to the river park. It was quite lively in the evening park: many people gathered in front of a loudspeaker and a phone streaming dancing to Tiktok or something, and dance as a form of exercise – for mostly older people at the square. Another group of musicians was drumming and playing other instruments – reminded me of the musicians in public squares in Europe, but without a money collection box in front. And, again, streaming everything online, another local thing. Another speaker was playing loud ridiculous electronic bangers, and a group of old Chinese guys danced and had fun. These Chinese public square activities looked interesting, a form of democratized expression – there is always something to observe in it. A Thursday night in Hulunbuir. 

(written in July, edited in March 2024)

2023-07-26 11:58 pm

Wednesday, July 26 A Day in Hulunbuir

 I woke up earlier than usual – from the noise from the kids playing at the school across from my window. The school's speakers played a Young Pioneer's song. The crowd of kids were playing and yelling by the school building. Later, teachers announced something in the megaphone and all the kids went inside the building; they turned off the Pioneer's song. It all got quite.

Somehow, this town just looked nicer to my eye compared to Hohhot. Wealthier? The town surely looked wealthy, but nicer not exactly in this way. Hohhot, the regional capital, has lots of money to spend to the public service, for people to show off the government machine working and efficient, with all the shrubs groomed and the streets cleaned, keeping the society happy. There was some personal touch in Hulunbuir that made it a nicer town to my eye; more to the artistic side. Perhaps, the local city planers were less exposed to the scrutiny of the regional capital, and able to work more creatively? Or, maybe I was just getting into their local mindset?

School in Hulunbuir.
School in Hulunbuir.

I went for a walk outside. It was sunny and hot; I could hardly believe the climate is harsh here: the summers are short, with first snow falling as early as in the late September, and winters are long and cold. But it was a hot summer day, middle of the week: the city workers swept the streets and groomed the shrubs, kids played at school, construction workers built the roads, fighter jets were flying in the sky. People drove a dozen or so various brands of Chinese cars that I have never heard about before; they watched Chinese TVs; they used Chinese branded phones. The society is in order. Everyone doing their thing. Everyone has a thing to do. Good. I could feel the satisfaction. 

I went to grab a coffee at Luckin, a "local starbucks". There was another white guy waiting for coffee: just standing there, waiting for coffee, not a big deal, like it was so normal for a white guy to go grab a coffee in Hulunbuir. By then I had not seen a white person for three weeks (except for the Russians on the border, but those were as decorative to that border town as all the matryoshkas and the comical Orthodox domes around there). Where is he from? What is he even doing here? I was as curious as some of the Chinese kids on the street curious about me. I was becoming Chinese. But, no; I'm from New York. I mind my own business. Let me spend a year here, and I will yell "hello, laowai!" pointing at the tourist; not yet. I was only becoming Chinese.

GQ was leaving in the afternoon. We dropped her off at the airport only to find out that all flights were delayed: there was an ongoing military exercise. That explained why I saw the fighter jets flying around the city all day. They would fly low and loud. I would stop doing what I was doing at look at the fighter jets passing by; thinking of the sky. Can they see Russian land from up there? Mongolia? Gobi desert is too far away. It is not exactly a border town, still a major city close to the border, Hulunbuir is an important military outpost. Locals complained that they often schedule an military exercise and cancel all civilian flights without advanced notice. GQ's flight was delayed untill late night.

Science themed park: the lights are various planets and stars.
Science themed park: the lights are various planets and stars.

I slept by about 1am, checking the phone for no reason before bed.

(Written in February)

2023-07-25 12:15 pm

Tuesday, July 25 Mongol Fresh

 We woke up before 8am, in the Mongol yurt, from the sound of heavy rain loudly pouring over the top of the yurt. The yurt started leaking, with water dripping on the carpet and on the bed. I was under a heavy blanket. What a great sleep! – all the grass bugs, moths, toads – all worries disappeared in the great night sleep with the Milky Way above us, with fresh air blowing through the steppes. Apparently, a single mosquito ruins a night, but a hundred grass bugs will sleep around friendly the guests. I was laying under the blanket, watching the water dripping on it, enjoying a little more of the calm moment before the blanket gets wet inside.
Mongol yurt in the flooded grassland.
Mongol yurt in the flooded grassland.

Then, in the rain, we ran from the yurt to the host's house with a bathroom. Toiletries done, we sat for breakfast. Mongolian unsalted cheeses, good coffee were for breakfast, but no milk tea – turned out Stoop's dad brewed the tea, but he left for errands that morning, and Stoop didn't know how to brew Mongolian tea. 

We drove to Hulunbuir after breakfast; we got the idea to visit a sauna. The sauna was large, taking space over 4 or 5 floors. One floor for lockers, another for massage rooms, another for pools and saunas, game rooms, tea rooms; something like that. Mass scale and affordable. A large water palace to serve the workers. All that space was quite empty on the Tuesday morning. 

The lady at the lockers complained about B's and GQ's two pieces swimming suits – apparently, one-piece closed-type swimming suit is the standard here for women. But I felt rather overdressed – in my American style long swimming shorts, all Chinese guys looked freeer in their ultra short swim briefs. 

The sauna turned out to be Korean style – so no that hot at all; with lots of pools of varied temperatures scattered around walkways. It was pleasant to soak in the warm pool after getting wet in the chill rain in the morning.

We couldn't decide if I should take the full body scrubbing session.

– Asian men don't have much body hair. – B was saying, – They will scrub your body really hard. They will pull your hair. It will hurt. 

I was getting worried what the heck was this bloody scrubbing service. Finally, I decided to try it. Since I had to separate to the men's section, we agreed on what exactly they do, and where we meet after. There were many massage tables in the room, and three middle-aged men sitting in the corner. One man was squatting on the chair – he preferred to squat even though he had the fine chair to seat. He held a cigarette to the side of his mouth, so slowly burning the smoke didn't hit his eyes, while he was typing something on the phone with his hands busied. Another man prepared the massage table, showed me to take off my swimming suit and lay down. So I did, I closed my eyes, and this man washed my body very well. Of course, my body hair was not as easy to pull, as B thought – that was just fine. Then they gave me a single use underwear, wide shorts and a top, and walked me to the game room. 

Go, and some other board games that I had not see before, and various 1980s style arcades – that was the game room, which was totally empty. I was fresh; there I waited for B and GQ to finish their body scrub.

Fresh and hungry we went to a local dry hot pot kind of food called Tie guo dun which means Iron Pot. What makes it special is the buns that are cooked together with everything on a side of the pot. GQ said she tried it in Shanghai too. Turned out, it took 40 minutes to cook the pot; usually, people call in advance and arrive when the food is almost ready. So we sat around the table, fresh and hungry, and looked at the pot until it was cooked. GQ said in Shanghai the flow of people is high and they always have a few pots prepared, but in here we had to call in advance.

Dongbei Iron Pot (Tie guo dun, 铁锅炖), the Northern Chinese dish.
Dongbei Iron Pot (Tie guo dun, 铁锅炖), the Northern Chinese dish.

We stayed at a friend's house for the next few days. We cooked home made Buryat buuz, and drank hoppy fresh local beer in the evenings – the customs were that one had to drink together with someone, not sipping beer alone whenever one wanted; just raising it and saying something good, and then – chugging the whole medium size mug, and refilling from own bottle. Whenever I tried to sip my beer, someone would join in, say something, and I had to gesture and finish my glass. In two days I got used to it so much that I couldn't drink beer another way anymore, like sipping by myself.

(written in January)

2023-07-24 09:29 pm

Monday, July 24 Manzhuli to Hulunbuir road trip

Driving from Manzhuli back to Hulunbuir. I think I’m done with road trips for another few years now. What is the point of driving and not spending much time anywhere? I never understood it.

Still, morning in Manzhou-li. We grabbed a coffee in KFC because all the other places only offered instant coffee. They say "coffee" on the menu; we ask what coffee; they say Nescafe – we keep going. All signs were doubled in Russian and everyone spoke a bit of Russian too, and no English at all, so my second language was finally useful for something. The architecture in the city looked like a parody of Russian architecture: Orthodox domes on top of mixed commercial and housing buildings; I explained it’s alike putting a Buddhist temple on top of a housing complex and calling it Chinese architecture.

GQ complained about coffee in China – no one cares about good coffee. I say it's fine, locals don't drink coffee here – in the US, trying to find good tea and not a piece of crap in a tea bag is a doomed adventure too.

“Manzhuli’s Jewelry Trading City Putin”. Apparently, "Putin" is a sign of friendliness to Russia here.
“Manzhuli’s Jewelry Trading City Putin”. Apparently, "Putin" is a sign of friendliness to Russia here.

Looking at all the Russian souvenirs and matryoshkas sold everywhere around, one might think that Manzhou-li is a very popular tourist destination for Chinese who want to learn more about Russia, buy Russian souvenirs. In fact, it's far from what is going on there. Certainly, there are many domestic tourists, especially in the summer, but the town's primary industry is the wholesale to Russian entrepreneurs, who come here to find products, checkout quality in person, then order in bulk and sell those matryoshkas in Russia in tourist spots. About 70% of all Chinese exports to Russia flow through this town.

Manzhuli street in the morning
Manzhuli street in the morning

We finished our KFC breakfast with good espresso coffee and youtiao – which is just deep-fried dough – delicous! By 10:30am we were on the way leaving the city.

We drove along the Russian border: to the right, Mongolian steppes and hills, with sheeps and cows; to the left – the neutral land with uncultivated high grass, blooming flowers, then Russian villages in the distance. Дурой, Забайкальский край – an interesting looking settlement on a hill, population 668 people, founded in 1745, according to Wikipedia; it made me curious about the other side of the border; who are those people living out there far away from any big city – Chita is 500 km away; but across the border, there stands this neon-lit trade city. Then, on the Chinese side, Mongolian yurts are built for tourists, and many Chinese tourists were taking pictures in the steppes; many cars drove along the border – a popular thing to do here in the summer. 

Finally, we got away from the border road. The steppes changed to pleasant-looking landscapes with a river on the left and many trees across the river, in contrast to all grass steppes to the right. It reminded me of Russian classic paintings, not sure exactly which. We stopped; we waded the river, and I got my feet wet. Horses were gazing in the distance.

Our stay was planned in a yurt that night, the one that we couldn’t stay the other night because it was leaking from the rain. Now it was dry, but, quickly, we realized the yurt was full of bugs inside – from moths to grass bugs on the bed sheets. Then a toad was quacking on the carpet. First, me and GQ freaked out, but B calmed us down saying it was fine: Mongolian yurts always have grass bugs, but they are harmless and won’t move in the dark. The hosts made the mistake of turning on the lights in the yurt before our arrival, and now all the bugs got to the light, attracted to the white bedsheets, B said.

Then, after my ingenious thought that a single mosquito can ruin sleep, B started freaking out too, while I and GQ calmed down after B asurred us those bugs were harmless. It took us a bit longer to convince B to sleep and not try to find another place so late at night. I sat outside of the yurt for a while and looked at the Milky Way – what a great dark night in Mongolian steppes. When was I able to see the Milky Way so clearly? There, outside, I drank a can of Mongol beer called Сэнгур, and went to bed after 1am.

(written in July, edited in December)

2023-07-23 11:32 pm

Sunday, July 23 Road to Manzhouli

 (Written in August, edited in December)

Woke up at 8:15am with the alarm, then slept till 9. 

We ate the same Mongolian breakfast as yesterday, but this time with GQ, discussing our travel plans. Our host Stoop invited us to come stay in the yurt in a few of days, after we visit the border and the yurt gets dry from the heavy rains. Why do we go to the Russian-Chinese border? I don't know – even though it feels like I have something to do with it. I half-joked that if I cross the border then the Russians will send me to fight in Ukraine; a joke, but only partially.

Pomegranade methaphore of China as multi-ethnic nation. Somewhere on the road to Manzhuli.
Pomegranade methaphore of China as multi-ethnic nation. Somewhere on the road to Manzhuli.

So we drove to the west, to Hulun Lake; the plan was to loop around the lake; then drive the northern part of the loop along the Russian border; to the west – Republic of Mongolia, the real Mongolia; lots of scenery along the way. The plan was to stay overnight in Manzhouli – the Chinese town on the Russian-Chinese border; "-li" at the end means "inside", so "Manzhou-li" means "inside Manchuria". I knew very little about this border town – the border towns that I had visited before were small and unnoticible, with police checking the passports, some small trade for the travelers, that was about it – so was the Polish-Belorussian border, and Russian-Georgian border; what I remember of them. I heard about big tourist flooded border towns like Tijuana near San Diego, but I had never visited. 

On the road we saw cows, sheeps, and other cattle. Horses? We surely saw horses too. 

Chinese propaganda at the tolls station. China is a multi-ethnic nation, it says, and everyone is better in peace together. "中华民族一家亲同心共筑中国梦"
Chinese propaganda at the tolls station. China is a multi-ethnic nation, it says, and everyone is better in peace together. "中华民族一家亲同心共筑中国梦"

For lunch we stopped in a small town called New Barag Left Banner, recommended to us by Stoop. The place was a wooden house with a dozen of wooden tables, totally empty; the waiters looked pissed that we came by. We ordered three dishes for three of us: steamed viggies, stir fried veggies, and a pot with meats. The later was huge; it alone must have been just enough for 4 people. We wondered: why didn't the waiter tell us that we ordered too much, that the dishes are large enough for us. "They are like that here. They never interfere in what you're doing," – B said, – "but they are nice people if we talk to them."

Then driving again across the steppes. It all looked the same to me – grass, cows, sheeps, occasional rocks, and whatnot. Perhaps, stopping somewhere in the middle would help appreciate it, but from the car it looked all the same.

Next on the plan was to meet up some local artists that B followed on the Internet and arranged us to meet in person. We met at a public square with various scattered trades on the ground – plastic basins, pots, fruits and veggies. Ormis is a photographer whose interests are primarily in Inner Mongolia, whose works are shown on some exhibitions in China; he looked like a quite man in his 30s with typical central asian facial traits, quite distinict from Chinese face, but I'm unable to describe what exactly is different. His friend was a larger dude, simple and friendly looking; he didn't talk much. B had a short conversation with them, in Mongolian, and I was thinking of how weird that we're meeting these strangers, and I can't even speak their language, and what we were even doing there. The big guy proposed to drive to a tea place somewhere nearby. On the way, B said it was a typical Mongolian setup – when meeting someone man is supposed to invite his good friend who will be taking care of all the logistics, take care of guests, etc.

Public square trade.

Public square trade.

The tea place looked like a camp of artistic Mongolian yurts and small wooden cabins around, with tea tables inside, just outside of the city, and a large yurt in the center, large enough to fit perhaps 50 or 70 people. We walked to the main yurt: inside, there was a stage with guitars and drums, a mic stand, and a sound system; but no one was playing – it was only about 6 in the afternoon, too early; a bunch of tables, chairs, and soft sofas around; a bar counter on the side. It looked like a 1980s rock club in the day light. We crashed on couple of the sofas. We were joined by another guy that reminded me of Victor Tsoi with his waivy hair, patchy beard, leather jacket, and his cool iconic 1980s sunglasses. 

So, we drank tea and talked. Speaking Mongolian, Mandarin, English – it was not an easy task to communicate at this table. B translated, but then she had her own topics to discuss with Ormis, so I didn't want to bother them too much with translation. GQ figured our hosts spoke some Mandarin too. I would say something in English, GQ would translate to Mandarin, then B would explain some terms in Mongolian, then the guys would reply in Mongolian, and B traslated to English; B later said her Mongolian was not as good either. I figured it was a special skill to say something meaningful with so much translation going on. What did I say? We talked about art and representation of this place, and how much a single place has to ofter if one looks carefully, our hosts claimed. Ormis would listen, take a moment to think, and thoughtfuly reply. I asked him how wasn't he getting tired working in the same place all his life, finding interesting in the mandane; he said knowing the place very well allowed him to capture the changes unseen by travalers. Inspired by artistic conversation I brought up Plato, for some reason – that was too much; that the multi-lingual conversation skill that I am talking about – not to bring up Plato like that.

Mongolian Rock Club in the daylight.
Mongolian Rock Club in the daylight.

Meanwhile, the Mongolian part of the convesation turned political. The crackdown on Mongolian education earlier this year, and the like. It is not too bad, our hosts told us, – the kids can be sent to Mongolian schools across the border; the propaganda enters through one ear and exits through the other; the imporance of education is exaggerated – developing connection to a place through family and time is more important than school. 

The hour passed fast; we had to keep driving to Manzhou-li. I asked the guy that reminded me of Victor Tsoi if he knew about Victor Tsoi, the musician – of course he did know him, and also Cui Jian in China, he said, another Korean whose songs played at Tiananmen Square in 1989. Interesting how Victor Tsoi and Cui Jian are the Koreans making a splash in Russia and China.

Then another few hours of driving; at night, we appoached Manzhou-li. What the heck was that. It reminded me of driving in to Las Vegas: because of all the neon lights and high rises imitating castles. A giant neon lit Russian matroyoshka welcomed the visitors. Neon lit Kremlin was just next to it. Then lots of neon signs both in Chinese and Russian: "мебель" (furniture), "меха" (furs), "торговый центр" (shopping mall), "таможенные услуги" (customs services) and the like. Finally, my Russian was useful to read the signs. The city was full of parked cars at every sidewalk possible, and crowds of people walking along the stores. It took us half an hour to find where to park our car; a walk to our hostel. A group of Russians in telnyashkas I heard saying: "Зачем мы сюда прихали? Нажраться!" (Why did we come here? To get drunk!). GQ said I didn't look like those Russians. I guess I did not.

At check in at the hostel, as usual, they had to take a copy of my passport. This time the receptionist told us that it was actually a new law, and that they only had to report Americans and Uyghurs, but not other passports. I can understand they watch Americans, but Uyghurs? Those are just Chinese citizens, don't they? For some reason, they are mistrusted to the same degree as Americans. We went to our room; B and GQ were tired, but I thought I'd go see this city a bit more since there wouldn't be staying there for another night.

Manzhou-li at night.
Manzhou-li at night.

First, I ran into the hostel's communal kitchen downstairs. It looked pretty cozy, reminded me one hostel in Utrecht in the Netherlands, where students stayed for longer than just a few nights – for weeks, in fact, and it bound a kind of community. Except, I could barely breath there because of the cigarette smoke everywhere; in another room there was a large communal table with 8-10 people at it, and all young Chinese guys were drinking Russian beers and smoking cigarettes. One of the young guys was wearing telnyashka, welcomed me in English and started asking me question. It was quick till we got to the topic where I was from.

– I'm Russian-American, – I said.

– Slava Wee-Dee-Wee! – the young Chinese guy shouted.

– What? – I didn't understand.

– Wee-Dee-Wee! 

– Oh, Veh-Deh-Veh, – I finally understood. VDV, so-called Russian "elite" armed forces – in fact, a bunch of soldier pricks, infamously getting drunk and fighting on their "special" day on August 2 – that was about all I knew about them.

– Are you from Veh-Deh-Veh? – I asked.

– Oh, no, I'm just fucking around, come join our table, have a beer! – he invited.

I knew what happens after; I knew this story. I had to go for something else. I could barely breath from the cigarette smoke. That guy was a kind dude though, but I had to go.

My next stop was at a small store nearby; the plan was to find Russian beer. Where else if not at the border? Two Chinese ladies were chatting at the store entrance; they asked me what I was looking for. I didn't know how to say "beer" in Chinese, and English turned out not to be useful here. The younger girl was guessing what I wanted in Chinese; I couldn't explain. Then, the older girl spoke a chain of syllabi that finally came out in my mind as Russian sentences – she spoke Russian, she did, I realized, those weird sounds made sense – my Russian was finally useful for something! I said "пиво" (beer); I said "русское" (Russian). She understood; she showed me a freezer with icecream and bottles of Russian beer under the packs of icecream. It was all dark beer. I said "светлое пиво" ("white beer", lager, essentually); she couldn't understand. Then, "bai cha" – white tea, I remembered; I said "bai пиво" – "bai", she understood, "net" (no) she said. Lingua franca in action, in places where English is too foreign to be known. I bought a bottle of dark Russian beer called "Stari Melnik" in China without B's help. I thought it felt like an achievement because I almost never did anything by myself in China.

I went back to the hostel. B was still awake. I told her the story of how my Russian, and my attempts at learning Chinese, all came out to be useful here, at the border. In bed, I kept thinking of Ormis: the personality of an artist touched me. What was it? Confidence in his own life? Unpretentious and thoughtful communication? He radiated something attractive; he made me think and question. 

– What does Ormis do for living, – I asked B, almost falling alseep, – he's not making a living on his photographies, does he?

– Oh, he's in the propaganda department, making some of those pomegranade unity posters, – she said.

That made more sense. I slept shortly after.


2023-07-22 10:58 pm

July 21-22 Hulunbuir

 Bad bad person, no keeping up with my journal. How do I learn the habit; make it a ritual? Well, better later than never, since I kept the sketches anyway, but don't have the habit finishing it.

FRIDAY, JULY 21 FLIGHING TO HULUNBUIR

In the afternoon we flew to Hulunbuir, to the East of Inner Mongolia. Nikita Mikhalkov, before becoming fascist, shut a good movie called "Urga" in those lands in 1991.

I read some of Lu Xun on the flight. Interesting his story of starting writing – how he was skeptical of his writing having any impact on people's life:

– "Imagine an iron house without windows, absolutely indestructible, with many people fast asleep inside who will soon die of suffocation. But you know since they will die in their sleep, they will not feel the pain of death. Now if you cry aloud to wake a few of the lighter sleepers, making those unfortunate few suffer the agony of irrevocable death, do you think you are doing them a good turn?"

– "But if a few awake, you can't say there is no hope of destroying the iron house.

True, in spite of my own conviction, I could not blot out hope, for hope lies in the future. I could not use my own evidence to refute his assertion that it might exist. So I agreed to write, and the result was my first story, "A Madman's Diary." From that time onward, I could not stop writing, and would write some sort of short story from time to time at the request of friends, until I had more than a dozen of them.

Then I played some Politopia. 

Hulunbuir looked curious to me from the first sight. A big stone just put aside the road and lighted up stylishly. Lighting is pretty good on China in general – there is no this massive light pollution like in New York; but they have the luxury of having little light on the streets because of low crime. In New York this low light on the streets would make it feel quite unsafe. This strange obsession with tech, as everywhere in China, but in Hulunbuir it seemed just tech enough without excesses – like a toilet seat cover opening up when you approach it. 

After dinner our friends drove us outside of the city to stay in a Mongolian yurt (called "Mongol ger" in Mongolian, a sound closer described as "монгл гыр" in Russian). On our way it started raining so heavily that I imagined running 20 steps from the car to the yurt would make us absolutely wet. Fortunetely, it stopped raining as fast as it started. The yurt was located somewhere outside of the city in the dark; it was like AirBNB except there is no AirBNB in China anymore. A host met us with a flashlight – a Mongolian guy with long hair, with a beard, just like the Mongol from the movie "Urga", of our age in the 30s, and in the Addidas sweatpants with the white stripes on the sides. I heard them talking Mongolian and Chinese, then they told me that the yurt is too wet from the rain, so we'd stay in the wooden house – I was happy we have a place to stay, and, not understanding a thing, smiling.

When everyone left B told me that the host guy was somewhat rude – first thing he told us when we drove in was: "Don't drive here on my grass!" Then he told us that the yurt was too wet from the rain, and we were better stay in the wooden house that he offered for 800rmb, instead of 600rmb that we agreed to play for the yurt. He told us it was normally 2000rmb room (US$300), but he was nice enough to give it to us for 800. That was shitty, indeed, I agreed with B – if they couldn't provide the place we agreed on they were supposed to let us know in advance, or provide something livable for the same price. I told B that we were gonna stay there that night anyway, but, still, we could tell them our grievences at least, and forget about it. So she texted them, and then the guy came again and asked if we wanted to move to the yurt. I thought "damn"; I asked if we could see the yurt first.

We walked to the yurt, in the dark of Mongolian steppes; the air was pleasantly wet and cool. I noticed a dog running along with us, then I realized it was a cat running like dogs usually do. The inside of the yurt looked alright – a bit damp air, but not too bad. I looked around. The bed looked tempting after a day of traveling, with white sheets and four pillows waiting for guests. I touched the sheets – they were slightly moist, but not too bad. I touched more – nope, they were quite moist sheets. B and the guy talked something in Mongolian. Then B asked me what I thought, and if we should stay in the yurt. Somehow, what I said completely changed the guy. What did I even say? I said:

– Look, these sheets are wet, I appreciate what you're doing here with the yurt, but these conditions are unlivable at the moment; I mean, I don't know about China – it's my first time in China, perhaps it's okay here – but where I come from it'd be considered unlivable. And when we agreed on the price, we were paying for a livable place to stay. Just give us the agreed price for the wooden house and let's go to sleep. You won't give us that price – it's fine too, we'll still stay in the wooden house, but I just wanted to tell you that we were unhappy about it.

Translation was not needed – turned out the guy understood English well. I don't know how my short speech helped, but then they talked in Mongolian with B again, and not with me, and their conversation turned warm – the guy was explaining something, and tapping his chest with his hand in a warm guesture. 

B said the guy says that we could stay for free in the wooden house. He said that he came back from Shanghai today, where he is an actor in a local theater; he was tired. He said our friend was rude and freaked him out – turned out our friend (that drove us to the steppes) was asking about a permission ƒor the yurt, and then asked him when he was gonna register me as a foreigner (a local law that turns out locals give a crap about). He said he doesn't do this yurt for money – it was for friends. If we were fine people, we could just stay for free. Supposedly we were fine people. It took a while for us to finally go back to our room – the guy was starting over again and again explainig something in Mongolian. We finally wished good night to each other, and went to our wooden house. It was around midnight. B was happy that we sorted out this situation.

– He's a typical Mongolian with a good heart who doesn't know how to run a business, – she said.

I took a shower in the wooden house; there was hot water, and everything. On the balcony there was a nest of birds, and a big, apple-size, tarantula-kind spider making a web from the roof to the balcony. I fell asleep in seconds.

SATURDAY, JULY 22 A DAY IN HULUNBUIR

I woke up at 6am from the loud rain in the wooden house. It was drums like sound, with high beat, with lots of water falling on the wooden house's roof, and to the grass around, making it a loud drumbeat. The ourside was green, very green grassfield, the steppes, but not much to see under the rain. Then slept again till 8:15am.

The view from the wooden house.
The view from the wooden house.

The hosts gave us a breakfast – as usually here, Mongolian milk tea, with unsalted cheeses, and eggs, and bread. And coffee – I thought the coffee was quite good; turned out it was Nespresso. Well, Nespresso is decent. Mongolian tea is not my thing though cause I don't like milk. His name was Stoop, I think, was it? He played some music – first, played something from The Hu, that I've heard before, a Mongolian metal band that I often heard around Inner Mongolia, then he switched to some American pop, like Jay Z or whatnot; then he said we should put our out music. He said he was glad we didn't stay in the yurt last night cause it was raining too heavily overnight. Stoop often travels to Shanghai where they are rehearsing a theater play that should come out soon – something absurdist based on Camus. I said I was very interested in Camus, but that was an irrelivant comment; he understood my comments in English, but was apt to speak in Mongolian with B. While busy with theater in Shanghai, the Stoop's wife meanwhile was taking care of their baby and managing the yurts booking – so that quite too much work to do for her. Then he invited us for a BBQ in the afternoon when their friends will come over.

Stoop left, and his wife came join us with the baby, only 6 month old, while we were still eating the breakfast. The wife was young and very pretty, probably 10 years younger than us, speaking English with me and Mongolian with B. She went to school in Beijing, and then as life goes so quickly, she is married with the kid here, and they are trying to build their life with the yurts and the wooden house in the Mongolian steppes, and her husband travels to Shanghai often for business.

We rented a car that was driven to us to the yurt, and went to pickup GQ in the city. The Hulunbuir museum was next on the plan, organized by our friends. Oh, well, all those provincial Chinese museums are funny, at first, with all these "China is a multi-ethnic society" messages, but then it is too repeatitive and not as funny anymore. All that the central government needs from these lands is to calm down and not to try to separate.

Since the founding of the People's Republic of China, under the cordial care of the Party Central Committee and the brilliance of the Party's ethnic policy, and under the strong leadership of the Party Committee and Government of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, the people of all ethnic groups in Hulunbuir have worked extremely hard and endeavored to become strong. They have written a colorful and magnificent epic on the magical land with their wisdom, hard work, and sweat. Hulunbuir has achieved great changes from "backward" to "developing" from "poverty" to "prosperity", and from "closed" to "opening-up".

Russians are the villains here – all the territories north of Hulunbuir used to belong to China; Baikal is Mongolian name; Russian far east was sacred Manchu land. Formerly inland, now Hulunbuir is the border town. 

What else? They say some of the first people lived in this lands long time ago. Models of ancient local villages show people skiing – I was surprised, but wiki says skiing actually appered 6000 years ago in China. I thought it was invented by the hipsters 50 years ago.

In the afternoon we went back to our wooden house for Mongolian BBQ. Mongolian BBQ is just small scewers of meat, not much different from Japanese izakaya. This time we met all the animals of the house: the cat that acted like a dog; a friendly dog; a stubbort goat that I was tasked to move from the porch and almost failed; two small baby goats that kept together everywhere like two troublemaker brothers. What an interesting useless gang of animals.

Mongolian steppes.
Mongolian steppes.

Stoop proposed to drive to a hill for a better view of the steppes. We jumped in his big American car, then he drove us off-road too fast, as it was an off-road car racing; "it's impossible to take a photo in this car," – B said, trying to take a picture in the shaking car. Stoop put the music on; something American, 808 beats. In 15 minutes we were on top of the hil, viewing the steppes, putting the sweaters on as it was chilling. Stoop went away not saying anything, just standing in the steppes along. 

– He went to see a hourse, – B said, – that's what they say here when they go for a pee.

I picked up this phrase. "I need to see a horse," – I would say when we were driving later to ask for a stop. 

The steppes were super green; somewhere far away I could see dark wooden buildings, like an old Russian village. Stoop said it was a very expensive hotel for bankers. We spent there till the sun set. B was talking to Stoop in Mongolian. I was quite. Then I realized GQ doesn't understand a word they say either – she only speaks Mandarin, and zero Mongolian. 

Back to the wooden house, we were served "Buryat buuz" – a kind of dumpings, pronounced here more like "bryat boaz", also known as "manti". Stoop is a Buryat Mongolian. I asked him if he knows about Buryatia republic within Russia; he said he heard about it, but never been there; he didn't look interested in it either. I thought his pronunciation was almost Russian – some sounds are so hard to pronunce for both Chinese and English speakers, but he could say them easily. He said, yeah, Buryat Mongolian is closer to Russian language.

We called it a night, and went to our room. 

– I wonder if he doesn't wash his face like other Mongolian guys, – B said in bed.

– What do you mean? – I asked.

– They just splash some water on their face, and that is all, – she replied.

I was thinking if I washed my face enough before I fell asleep.

2023-07-20 12:07 pm

Thursday, July 20 Mongolian Drinking

(Written two weeks later)

I woke up around 5am – it was bright outside already. My head was hammered from last night's drinking; the cold wind was pleasantly blowing from the window at my bed. I had about 200ml of local liquor called bai-jiu ("white alcohol": bai 白 "white" jiu 酒 alcohol) of 45% alcohol content, which is about the maximum okay amount I can drink and not suffer from the consequences, but then, as Mongolian drinking culture goes here, we drank beers. I never drink beer after liquor, and I declined to do so this time, but there we go – I had not resisted enough and gave in. Bad, bad, bad thing to do –  drink light alcohol after liquor. 

A few days before we drank bai-jiu with food, and then finished with another light alcoholic drink that they call "chug" here, also known as "kumys" or "ääryg" – which is somehow fermented horse milk with alcohol content. It was very sour, and supposedly helps with digestion and beneficial for health, as they say here. That time drinking chug after baijiu turned out fine, so perhaps that was why I gave in and tried what they do here.

I slept on and off, waking up for water and thinking how heavy drinking is a thing of the past, and that I should stick to my habits of drinking or not drinking instead of trying what locals do here. And so I slept until the afternoon. 

In the evening we went to a Buddhist temple. It was surrounded by many crafts shops and streed food places – the kind of Asia I'd imagine, a night market. Crowds of people, smoke from fried food, loud speakers advertising something, etc. Then it rained; we went back home.

2023-07-16 11:48 pm

Sunday, July 16 Picnic in (Inner) Mongolian Steppes

 (Written two weeks later in Hangzhou)

Not much to say about the road – I've already seen that dry hilly landscape of Inner Mongolia on the way from Beijing. Then, getting off the freeway, passing a mountain range, and we get to green grasslands – Mongolian steppes. Mongolia, the country, is a few hours away drive. 

A short drive on an unpaved road, and we get to something that looks like a Mongolian settlement: many yurts (with glass windows), harnessed horses, and open fires cooking food for newly arrived tourists. And tons of Chinese tourists take pictures with Mongolian-themed goodies. All that looks like shit. I start worrying.

Tourist trails in Mongolian steppes.
Tourist trails in Mongolian steppes.

Luckily, we pass the tourist trap and continue our drive until we get to another similar but better-looking "Mongolian settlement". Our hosts say it used to be empty, barely visited lands just a few years ago, but now overran by tourism. The entrance fee to a trail among picturesque hills and steppes is US$30; it includes a zip-line, a (ski-like) lift uphill, and other attractions. We continue our journey. 

Canola oil fields.
Canola oil fields.

Finally, we drive off-road to the top of a hill. We take a shade from the car, set up folding chairs, and a portable table, and then brew Mongolian milk tea, eat Russian pickles, Chinese smoked duck, and other goodies. Picnic in the steppes it is.

Wind turbines afar, cows on the grass fields.
Wind turbines afar, cows on the grass fields.

In the afternoon I took a stroll around. On a closer look, the green grass fields turned out not that green – it was covered by all kinds of flowers, from white and yellow to pink, and light blue, and purple; so much diversity of those grass plants. The ground was rocky and not a single three around. So strange that trees are unable to grow here. It was sunny and hot, but the wind was cold, so I had to wear a sweater.

The drive back was harder. We took some other road among the villages, where we got lost and couldn't find the way to the main road. No Google, nor Baidu could help us. By word of mouth, we found the way out from the farmer's houses. Chinese villagers are very interesting to observe: after dinner, the whole family walks out leaves their house, sits down outside, and observes the road, as we are passing by on it. I wish I had time to join them.

2023-07-15 11:39 pm

Saturday, July 15 Konqu Opera

 (written two weeks later)

Woke up around 7:40am without alarm – earlier I was checking my phone at 5 something, then slept again. 

There was a shelve of English books in a large bookstore that also served coffee drinks and had tables. Popular coffee drinks here are cold brews mixed with various bubble-tea-kind flavors. On the English bookshelf there were the classics: Uncle Tom's Cabin, Essays of Montaigne, Tocqueville, The Count of Monte Cristo, The Karamazov Brothers, Don Quixote. English books are usually labeled in English on the front, with some other signs in Chinese, and Chinese text inside. There were two shelves of books of Russian literature: those are all Chinese translation, with Cyrillic title on the front; Lermontov, Pushkin, Doctor Zhivago, etc. Василий Гроссман, "Жизнь и Судьба" – that I don't know. I like how they put the original title on the book; wish more publishers did it, and wish they used some more of original key terms, perhaps, in footnotes.

Another bunch of used books stores housed among crafts shops, computer repair businesses, arts stores, and the like. A precious book among bookstore owners here is a Chinese translation of diaries of Алексей Позднеев called “Монголия и монголы: результаты поездки в Монголию 1892—1893 гг.” (Aleksei Pozdneev, Mongolia and Mongols: the report of traveling in Mongolia in 1892-1893). Only 1000 copies was printed in 1989, and since then the party did not permit reprinting it, afraid of Mongolian nationalism. They ask US$200 for the used book. As I understood, the text is valued by many researchers because it is an unedited diary written during the traveling; somehow, this kind of first impression unedited reports are considered more reliable than when written later. 

We went to Konqu opera called “The Peony Pavilion” in the evening – it’s southern Shanghainese opera. Events like this here in Hohhot are scheduled pretty much everyday. Classical concerts, performances, theater plays, all the socialist cultured life. Hard it is, this opera genre. The place even had English captions, but only on a side wall, so I was interrupted by looking at either the performance or the text. Somewhere in the middle I caught some interesting feelings about the opera plot, falling in love in a dream, and sadness of reality. Spring time and an afternoon vivid dream, and a touch of love in a sunny garden. 

If I hadn’t come to the garden, how could I have ever known how beautiful spring was!

不到園林,怎知春色如許!

But then I spaced out and thought of my own things, and these captions on the side wall were so interrupting and didn’t help. Serving some coffee would be so helpful with opera! I had a good night sleep that day.

2023-07-14 11:54 am

Friday, July 14 A Day in Hohhot

(written a week later)

Dostoevsky's Бесы was going slow. The first part (of three) was plainly boring – all the convoluted whereabouts of the old-world, but most disappointedly – the narrator looking down at the weirdo characters of the book (e.g. at Kirillov). 

In the evening, I went for a run. After half a mile, two boys came to me and asked me in English if I liked apples. Then they asked if I also liked pears, my name, and my age. I was trying to keep a conversation, but told them that I was trying to run and could not stop, so they biked after me, thinking up some more questions to ask. Some more boys joined biking after me. Then, they bought me ice cream and asked to eat it; I said I had to finish my run before I eat ice cream, so I kept running. They asked me what floor I was living on; they were surprised to hear I'm on the twentieth and not on the forth – only later I got it that foreigners probably often live on the forth floor because they don't mind the superstition. Again, they asked me to eat the ice cream, but I said I had to finish my run. Then the group of boys got off their bikes and started running with me; I thought omg they are young and will overrun me. In a few minutes they were out of breath and asked me to eat the ice cream again. I could not resist anymore and gave in, walking with them and eating my gifted ice cream. Their English was probably better than my Chinese, so our conversation was simple. I told them I was American, and they asked me if I liked guns, and if I liked Japan, then told me they don't like Japan. We took a selfie, and, oh well I said I had to go home; we hugged. I wish I brought American quoters with me to give them as a gift. My run was 1.5 miles long.

2023-07-13 11:49 pm

Thursday, July 13

(written a week later)

In the city, a 10-years-old boy came to me and said: "What is your name?" I told him my name, and asked his; I asked how old he was. He was joyful and laughing, then he said "Привет, товарищ" (hello, comrade) in pure Russian – I should say I was surprised; I asked "Ты говоришь по-русски?" (do you speak Russian?). The boy put his hands to his head and said in Chinese: "Oh my god, my head is exploding!", and laughed. Then I had to go, but I thought I don't get to use my second language of the neighboring country here at all. My friend talked to the boy for a little longer, and was told that the boy learns Russian in school and his hero was Lenin.

2023-07-12 11:45 pm

Wednesday, July 12 Museum of Inner Mongolia

(written a week later)

A rainy day in Hohhot – in contrast to Beijing's heat just a few days before, I wore a light jacket. A rainy day is a museum day; we went to the museum of Inner Mongolia.

A pomegranate metaphor of multi-ethnic China – essentially the same message repeatedly reinforced in Inner Mongolia: the country is comprised of many ethnicities, but they are better off held as a single country.
A pomegranate metaphor of multi-ethnic China – essentially the same message repeatedly reinforced in Inner Mongolia: the country is comprised of many ethnicities, but they are better off held as a single country.

A typical plaque in the museum would talk about some history, and then reinforce the same message over and over – China is multiethnic country integrated in a single country for everyone's good. From the preface:

Our great motherland has been a unified multi-ethnic country since ancient times. The Chinese nation as one united community has formed in continuous exchanges, interactions and integration among various ethnic groups. Inner Mongolia is located in the northern frontiers of our motherland. ... The exhibition showcases artifacts dating from different historical periods in Inner Mongolia, to demonstrate the evolution and formation of China as a unified multi-ethnic country, and to interpret the development and growth of the pluralistic and integrated pattern of the Chinese nation.

Another one:

The convergence and integration of various ethnic groups laid a solid foundation for the formation of our country as a unified multi-ethnic country.

Another:

The stability in the border areas and the formation of the unified multi-ethnic country created favorable conditions for the prosperous development of culture. ... People of all ethnic groups living in Inner Mongolia together created the colorful culture.

From the afterword:

China is a unified multi-ethnic country. The Chinese nation has formed in continuous exchanges, interactions and integration among various ethnic groups. Rooted in the fertile soil of multi-ethnic cultures characterized by harmony within diversity, the Chinese civilization has a long history. The Chinese history is a history for all ethnic groups to interact and blend into the Chinese nation marked by pluralistic integration. Inner Mongolia has been a historical stage for many ethnic groups since ancient times, where the farming civilization and nomadic civilization have converged and integrated, injecting vitality into the sustainable development of the Chinese civilization.

Then we saw some old things heavily mixed with interpretations in form of modern made models and reconstructions. Mongolian tobacco bottles: when people met they would smell tobacco from each other's bottle. Models of houses, villages. Stuff like that. The central theme was China's officially recognized 56 ethnicities. 

A local joke goes like this: when the party was deciding on how many ethnicities existed in China, they asked Mao, and Mao asked: "how many ethnicities exists in the Soviet Union? In China there should be more." The answer was 55, so they decided on 56 ethnicities. The root of the joke is that the number is sort of made up, and there are much more ethnicities than officially recognized. But even those recognized ethnicities are under pressure of unification: while Western reports mostly focus on Uyghurs in Xinjiang, there are only scattered reports on the crackdown on Mongolian education in Inner Mongolia. Since 2020, Inner Mongolian schools are limited to a single Mongolian language class while all other classes are required to be taught in Mandarin. So the museum repeated messages are part of that unification today.

2023-07-11 11:19 pm

Tuesday, July 11 First day in Hohhot

 (written a week later)

Woke up at 7:40am, without alarm, in Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, on the 20th floor.

Sometimes, it is hard to pinpoint and describe even roughly what is off – just indescribable melancholy. 

Outside on the ground, there was a line of benches and cobblestoned walks between them, four fountains, and each fountain having two marble geese on one of its sides, and two granite vessels with plans on the other side; a stream of water flowing from the geese's beaks into the fountain pool. A cleanly trimmed line of bushes separate the fountain from the benches. Across this small park – a gate, the entrance to the housing complex. Outside of the gate there is a large statue of three horses in gold; cars are moving around this statue, picking up passengers from the entrance gate. A line of columns separate the driving side from the sidewalk, pained in gold as well. Behind the gate is the park and a series of 25-30-35 stories houses of the complex. The roofs of the buildings are decorated in Parisian-like shingles or slates. The cars are not allowed inside the complex, and, besides the small park with the marble geese, there is a series of walks where kids bike, elders walk, and adults hurry. The housing complex is called European park; the baroque is from Europe indeed. 

"Province" is the word in my mind, but provinces are so different – it hardly describes anything. I usually despise such places, – trying so hard to separate from dirt poor of past generations, they show off the middle class wealth, but comprising little human experience subsense under the Parisian-style roofs. They say: "I worked myself up. I followed the order; I woke up on time; I did what my boss asked me to do. I got money; I got a house; I got a kid. I'm a respectful person. I have a nice life." I get bored with that message and that is why I prefer New York City, which says: "I tried this, and I tried that, and I failed both but I keep striving. Don't ask me about this dirt that you see, because it is not dirt, but complex and highly developed form of order." 

Outside of the housing complex we found a bike sharing spot. There were two companies – yellow, blue and green bikes, just left in the dedicated spots without any locks in the same place; there were scooters in the same place, but we have not try them. The prices is, of course, ridiculously cheap – 4 yuan / 50 US cents for 40 minutes of biking. The bike trail was going along a river, with many willow trees and freshly trimmed in straight line bushes. The temperature was much more comfortable than in Beijing, but the sun was intense. The park was empty. We tried to park, but the app was saying we have to park in a dedicated spot, or pay 8 yuan, so, why not, we tried to find a bike parking spot; that was located across a 8 or 12 lanes road divided by a fence preventing pedestrians crossing it. The bike parking was in the middle of two zebras spaced in quite some distance; so, by the time we crossed the road and parked the bikes, we didn't want to walk around the road to go back to the park. 

The entire city seemed to be structured that way: wide car roads, each direction divided by a fence to prevent illegal crossing, a separate lane for bikes and scooters divided by an alley of trees, then a wide sidewalk, a parking lot, and high rises with businesses on the ground floor and apartments above; a fence separating the yard area for the building residents. This seems to be the model of modern Chinese urban development; I've seen a mock-up of this in the National Museum in Beijing – it also showed the system of underground pipes and cables. All it looks quite American to me, despite the occasional European baroque, it is a suburban cul-de-sac built above the ground. My belief these days that building comfortable cities requires a degree of civil political activation – you cannot build a nice city for passive users, but here I'm just an observer trying to make sense of what I see or, perhaps, being ignorant, reflecting myself in what is being reflective.

2023-07-10 03:33 pm

Monday, July 10 Road to Inner Mongolia

 (written a week later)

For some logistical reasons we drove to Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, instead of taking the new bullet train. It took us about 6 hours driving instead of under 3 hours on the train. We were one of a few cars driving on G7 Beijing–Ürümqi Expressway that is going all the way to Xinjiang; numerous service stops were now close despite the tourist season in Inner Mongolia – all people take the train. It is the tourist season here thank to the chill climate in the summer: Siberian winds and lower temperatures.

Inner Mongolia is an autonomous region of China bordering the country of Mongolia; Hohhot is the capital, means "blue sky" in Mongolian. Hohhot used to be called Kweisui (归绥) – a Chinese name meaning "returning pacifying", emphasizing Chinese aims of unifying the country, but also annoying Mongolian minorities. Mongolia was formally part of Qing dynasty's China until 1915 when it declared independence. Still, Inner Mongolia remained part of China. My American textbook "The Wobbling Pivot" says, without elaborating, that there are some strategic reasons for securing Inner Mongolia for Beijing – otherwise Beijing is simply too exposed to invasions from the North; I don't totally understand this cause Beijing is separated from Inner Mongolia by the range of mountains in Hebei, a province inbetween. Clarifying a common misbelief, Mongolia was never part of the Soviet Union; but they were friends, and Mongolia even switched to Cyrillic for writing; Inner Mongolia remained to use the ancient vertical Mongolian script. Now, Mongolia the country wants to switch back to Mongolian script by 2025. I'm diverging a little.

It took us two or three hours to drive out from Beijing. Then, the mountains that were visible from the city – somewhere in the mountains there is the Great Wall, but I did not see it anywhere, again. I realized how cleaver the Great Wall design was – indeed, they did not build this grand wall on the flat land; instead, they took already hardly crossable mountains and reenforced it with the wall making it virtually impossible to cross by Mongolian armies.

We stopped for lunch in a small village in Yanshan county in Hebei in the mountains. A street with old style buildings on one side, sometimes a gate with a yard inside, sometimes just a store front; on the other side – socialist flags and billboards with some information, or socialist slogans, and trees. The villagers are quite interesting to observe; very talkative too. I feel like I'm watching a Chinese movie – perhaps, they see me the same way. When we were leaving the restaurant owner gave us two fat cucumbers for free and said it's for luck to give a gift to a foreigner. 

Mountainous landscape gave a way to smaller hills, and eventually Mongolian steppes. Lots of industry, it seems, and lots of wind turbines. The wind is pleasant here. We were in Hohhot by the evening.

2023-07-09 01:16 pm

Weekend in Beijing, July 8-9

 (Written a week later)

My New York home-based VPN stopped working when I was hanging around Tiananmen Square on Friday. I first thought that was flaky cellular reception – the Internet never works fast for me here for some reason, even Baidu takes a second to open; perhaps, my phone is bound to American DNS or whatnot. Perhaps, they block the VPN on Tiananmen Square? Technically, it should be doable, if all strange traffic goes to one IP address – it must be clear what is happening. Then, the VPN worked for me again in the evening, and then completely disappeared. So, Chinese Internet without VPN is like no Internet: even Telegram didn't work – how come Russia couldn't block it, but China could? I couldn't even find some party facts in English – when the Long March took place, etc – Baidu didn't find anything in English. Russian Yandex wanted my Chinese phone number to let me use its search. Everything wanted my phone number, in fact: cafe WiFi's, WeChat payments, subway tickets, DuoLingo, etc. So, it was a digital detox weekend until I got a local SIM card on Monday, and a friend helped figuring out another VPN solution; it's called ClashX – there are way too many VPNs solutions – it uses multiple servers, measures latencies, and more smart in general, it seems. 

By the way, besides asking my local phone number, DuoLingo disables most of social features here: no friends, no avatars, only the leaderboard and people's names. For learning Chinese characters I bought another notebook here for 3 yuan for practicing writing – it feels so essential to try writing them for seeing the differences, and DuoLingo not teaching it at all. Otherwise, my next problem here with my Chinese is my face – people just don't expect hearing Chinese from me.

Beijing architecture: mixture of Chinese, Soviet, and American Minecraft boxes
Beijing architecture: mixture of Chinese, Soviet, and American Minecraft boxes

For the weekend we stayed in Beijing's kind of outskirts called Fengtai district – that is pretty much where Jia Zhangke's "The World" (2004) takes place. Basically, the kind of places where Beijing people live – from 40 minutes to over an hour commute to financial district. We drove from a shopping mall (a totally North American kind), and I was asked what I thought of Beijing way of living, and I said it was very similar to New York, except the buildings are higher; people less familiar with foreigners think here that foreigners have some different exotic life style: that we can't eat without forks, very clean, etc. Nope, people are people, and Chinese are extra attentive and hospitable to foreigners, so much that they could be less so. But; that is not totally true, of course; there is nothing in the world like New York City subway (I'm being sarcastic here).

Subway riders: everyone on their phone. I have mostly seen people either playing games or watching videos.
Subway riders: everyone on their phone. I have mostly seen people either playing games or watching videos.

We went to a police station to register me as a foreigners staying with residents; the instruction was given to me at the border. The local police chief talked to us a little bit, wished me safe and happy staying in China – his photo was posted everywhere in the neighborhood, so I felt like talking to some kind of local celebrity. The city is quite clean from the ads and advertisement billboards, only the photos of police chief and some other district employees. 

What else? Some kids don't hide their curiosity to see me, some open their mouth looking at me, some say "hello laowai!" and then I say "hello". I kind of like this kid's open unrestrained curiosity and wonder if some adults feel this way.

2023-07-07 12:37 am

Friday, July 7 Tiananmen Square

Woke up before 7. We ate breakfast at the hotel – a hotel buffet with Taiwanese pancakes, steamed veggies, fruit, and precious coffee. 

As it turned out, we blew the tickets to the National Museum because it were all booked out a month in advance, but then, via connections, someone arranged to get us in – we even avoided a long line of young pioneers at Tiananmen Square, slowly moving via security check. 

The museum was crazily crowded; the exhibition started from Zhou dynasty and proceeded one dynasty after another: Warring states, Han, Tang, Song, etc. Here is one thing: look, there were pretty advanced crossbows during the Warring States, 2-4 century before common era, rifle-like with a trigger; that when Sun Tzu wrote "The Art of War". I noticed a lady guide shouting in front of a group of kids, pointing to an exhibit, assertively and strictly, as if she was instructing the kids on the evacuation plan in case of fire. Otherwise, I only noticed that the Yuan dynasty was kind of skipped – those were Mongolians, Chengis Khan's descendants, some of them conquered the West and formed the Golden Hoard, others conquered the East and formed the Yuan dynasty. But, actually, I'm not very interested in all that old stuff, not beyond 18th century; it's all a kind of fiction, I feel like, and I don't care. 

Qing period was more interesting, or at least interesting for me – reading the interpretations of the period sometimes is more interesting than reading the artifacts; they are more telling about the present.

After Britain started the Opium War in 1840, the imperial powers descended on China like a swarm of bees, looting our treasures and killing our people. They forced the Qing government to sign a series of unequal treaties that granted them economic, political and cultural privileges and sank China gradually into a semi-colonial, semi-feudal society.

The contradictions between imperialism and the Chinese nation and between feudalism and the broad masses of the people became the primary contradictions in modern Chinese society. Achieving national independence and liberation of the people, and making the country strong and prosperous and the people happy became the two great historic missions of the Chinese nation throughout its modern history.

Unfortunately, I got bored reading these one-sided interpretations. 

A large glass wall; outside – a squat of soldiers practicing throwing grenades, just outside of the museum. An officer shows them the technique: the arm movement, where to look, what to do after. They look like real soldiers, but I'm sure they are just part of another exhibition – surely, there is enough space to practice grenade throwing besides Tiananmen Square. 

The museum crowd
The museum crowd

I'm probably the only laowai in the museum.

Next, the party history. Mao's shoes that look like Mao's socks. Many paintings of the party events; the long march, crossing the Dadu river, and the like.

Then the achievements of the socialist people. This one is weird: "Original manuscript of mathematician Chen Jingrun proving Goldbach's conjecture that every even integer greater than 2 can be expressed as the sum of two primes" (1 + 2) published in Science Bulletin." The drafts mixing Chinese, Russian and English, but I didn't understand much. I should look it up.

Then, an entire section dedicated for Xi Jingping. Unfortunately, not a single soul made it to this part, only a strange laowai, myself:

In the center of the room – a large table with a column of models of various tanks, rocket launchers, and other army machinery. On the walls – mostly portraits of Xi, with foreign leaders, or among village people, or with military commanders. Various speeches are played on TVs.

2023-07-06 02:27 pm

Thursday, July 6 Hutongs

Woke up at 7am on the tenth floor of a hotel placed for some reason among one-to-two stories buildings in Hutongs of central Beijing.

The surroundings of the center of Beijing surprised me. What is not surprising is that in the very center, around Tiananmen square placed the government, the party buildings, etc. Forbidden City, the palace of Imperial China overthrown in 1912 is on one side, with a portrait of Mao at the entrance along with the sign saying "中华人民共和国万岁" - usually translated as "Long Live Republic of China" it literary means "Chinese People's Republic, Live 10,000 years". Ironically, for building a new socialist society the party chose to place its bureaucracy in the exact place of former Imperial rule. 

Hutongs are old quarters preserved around the central parts of Beijing, contrasting with socialist grand architecture and western-style office buildings. They look essentially like village-like slums, with chaotic motorcycle traffic and cars taking the whole narrow street – I don't know why they didn't ban the cars. But houses in hutongs are expensive, and it's trendy here for rich people to buy a hutong and renovate it. Some hutongs are essentially tourist traps, but there is a lot to explore, and some look pretty cool, authentic. Dashilan Street was full of tourist crowds, but its parallel Yangmeizhuxie Street was totally empty with many good places to explore, but northern hutongs are even more interesting to walk around. I thought it was pretty surprising to be able to quickly get away from the government center and see the village-like life in the center of the capital.

Tesla parked in the hutongs with wooden plates protecting tires from the sun
Tesla parked in the hutongs with wooden plates protecting tires from the sun
An old man matching the neighborhood
An old man matching the neighborhood
Inside residential hutongs
Inside residential hutongs

In the evening we were invited for dinner by a friend. What is it like to be invited by a friend in China? The check is on them, sure, but also we don't get to order anything ourselves – everything was decided by the host; it is a gesture of knowing your friend to be able to order the food that they like. The place was Yunnan food, which turns out is a region with many indigenous people. I liked bridge noodles and potato stew. All food was shared, as usual in Chinese dining. The place was decorated in the 90s-like style, with many old electronics around, cassette players, VHS TVs, and old family photos. Some kind of nostalgia for the nineties. Oh, and Mao's portraits, occasionally; that was a strange part.

Beijing's life of young adults sounds stressful. Would it be easy for girls to date in China, since the gender imbalance, with too many men in society? As it turns there are many expectations from girls' families barring most of the potential partners – sure, the family wants only the best for their daughters, and the best have a good education, an apartment, and a car. Thus, those guys that are able to pass the family's checkmarks actually have a lever of their own. Besides, families compete with each other, which involves much judgment and jealousy. Buying an apartment in Beijing is a hard endeavor, with prices going above millions of US dollars for not-too-far-away locations; young use their families' money for such things and thus keep depending on their parents. My question about communist housing and the party providing for the people raise a laugh–free housing is not part of what is called "scientific socialism rooted in Chinese realities". All these regards make the young sick of society, willing to run away anywhere. Something like that, in my interpretation. 

Bed by midnight.

2023-07-05 12:20 pm

Wednesday, July 5 Hot Day in Beijing

 Woke up around 7am – great, jet lag is almost defeated.

For breakfast, we drank Mongolian milk tea from bowls and ate pancakes. The tea was stone-like bricks placed in milk and brewed for a moment. I tried a sip of the milk tea – and no, milk is still not my thing. The pancakes were of two kinds: with sugar inside for kids, and savory. I preferred the kid's variation. It reminded me of Slavic syrnyki with cheese inside; when I mentioned it, I was told Mongolians do it with cheese too, but not cheese – some other strange diary that no one knows and, and I said yeah syrnyki is actually not with cheese but with the strange diary by-product. It's called tvorog. Seems like Mongolians eat the same thing.

I went for a walk in a local park along the river, bringing my summer reading with me – Dostoevsky's Бесы (Demons). Hot July in Beijing, 97ºF/36ºC, sunny and humid; last week Beijing's temperature was hitting 70 years high, but it was not too bad. The streets were mostly empty; some socialist-style buildings with the red flag, the hammer and sickle, etc; but mostly businesses, street food kind of unhealthy food choices, fruits, grocery stores, hair salons, but mostly what I couldn't identify what it was. I sat down on a bench in the park. A group of old people were playing some games; a young couple was hugging in the shadow. A bum-looking man in comical bibs was standing nearby, then sat down on the ground, pulled playing cards from his pocket, and started shuffling them; a lady on a bike stopped by and started telling him something, then looked at me, got shy, and biked away. I read two or four first pages of Dostoevsky; little I cared about the beginning of the story; the heat was melting my mind. The bum, the way people acted, everything looked like a part of some comical performance. 

"Газеты и журналы, выписываемые Варварой Петровной во множестве, он читал постоянно. Успехами русской литературы тоже постоянно интересовался, хотя и нисколько не теряя своего достоинства. Увлекся было когда-то изучением высшей современной политики наших внутренних и внешних дел, но вскоре, махнув рукой, оставил предприятие. Бывало и то: возьмет с собою в сад Токевиля, а в кармашке несет спрятанного Поль де Кока." The book was getting interesting, but my mind was melting. I walked back home.

For lunch, we ate Winter Melon soup. I've never eaten winter melon, but it tasted like butternut squash.

Then a subway ride to the center of Beijing where we spend two days staying in a hotel. Turns out, I as a foreigner cannot stay in any hotel here, but need to double-check if the hotel is allowed to host foreigners. A lot of places are ruled out because of this regulation; there are no hotels for foreigners on the outskirts of Beijing. It's the North Korean kind of old law where foreigners are closely watched, but not as strictly. There is also no Airbnb, and its local competitor is not allowed to work with foreigners. So, unless we stay with B's friends, we will be trapped in "modern" hotels for foreigners. Luckily, it won't happen that often.

In the evening we walked around Hutongs – a kind of low-density old buildings that they also call Old Beijing. It all looked like cool Asian slums with lots of street commerce, crowds of people, and chaotic motorcycle traffic. Then I got too sleepy and went to bed by midnight.